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+// Say we're writing a game where you can buy items with tokens. All items cost
+// 5 tokens, and whenever you purchase items there is a processing fee of 1
+// token. A player of the game will type in how many items they want to buy, and
+// the `total_cost` function will calculate the total cost of the items. Since
+// the player typed in the quantity, we get it as a string. They might have
+// typed anything, not just numbers!
+//
+// Right now, this function isn't handling the error case at all (and isn't
+// handling the success case properly either). What we want to do is: If we call
+// the `total_cost` function on a string that is not a number, that function
+// will return a `ParseIntError`. In that case, we want to immediately return
+// that error from our function and not try to multiply and add.
+//
+// There are at least two ways to implement this that are both correct. But one
+// is a lot shorter!
+
+use std::num::ParseIntError;
+
+fn total_cost(item_quantity: &str) -> Result<i32, ParseIntError> {
+ let processing_fee = 1;
+ let cost_per_item = 5;
+
+ // Added `?` to propagate the error.
+ let qty = item_quantity.parse::<i32>()?;
+ // ^ added
+
+ // Equivalent to this verbose version:
+ let qty = match item_quantity.parse::<i32>() {
+ Ok(v) => v,
+ Err(e) => return Err(e),
+ };
+
+ Ok(qty * cost_per_item + processing_fee)
+}
+
+fn main() {
+ // You can optionally experiment here.
+}
+
+#[cfg(test)]
+mod tests {
+ use super::*;
+ use std::num::IntErrorKind;
+
+ #[test]
+ fn item_quantity_is_a_valid_number() {
+ assert_eq!(total_cost("34"), Ok(171));
+ }
+
+ #[test]
+ fn item_quantity_is_an_invalid_number() {
+ assert_eq!(
+ total_cost("beep boop").unwrap_err().kind(),
+ &IntErrorKind::InvalidDigit,
+ );
+ }
+}