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diff --git a/unit4/unit4.pdf b/unit4/unit4.pdf Binary files differnew file mode 100644 index 0000000..99b428f --- /dev/null +++ b/unit4/unit4.pdf diff --git a/unit4/unit4.typ b/unit4/unit4.typ new file mode 100644 index 0000000..9143376 --- /dev/null +++ b/unit4/unit4.typ @@ -0,0 +1,94 @@ +#let title = [ + Unit 4: Virtual Layer +] +#let proverb = [ + Knowledge not shared, remains unknown. +] +#set text(12pt) +#set page( + header: [ + #box()[#proverb] + #h(1fr) + #box()[#title] + ], +) +#align(center, text(20pt)[ + *#title* +]) + +#show table.cell.where(y: 0): strong + += Basics +- Deployed on the physical layer. +- Specifies entities like virtualization software, resource poolsm and virtual resources. +- Abstracts the physical resources (compute, storage, network). +- Executing requests from control layer and forwarding them to the physical layer for execution. += Introduction +_*Virtualization refers to the logical abstraction of physical resources such as compute, network and storage that enables a single hardware resource to support multiple concurrent instances of systems ot multiple hardware resources to support single instance of system.*_ +- Allows us to make resources look larger or smaller than they actually are. +- Enables multitenant environment improving utilization of physical resources. += Benefits of virtualization +1. Optimizes and consolidates utilization of IT resources. +2. Reduces cost and management complexity. +3. Reduces number of people required to maintain the system. +4. Reduces deployment time. +5. Increases flexibility. += Overview +This layer is formed from virtualized compute, virtualized network, and virtualized storage. This enables 2 characteristics of cloud software: +1. Resource Pooling +2. Rapid elasticity +This layer also specifies the entities that operate in this layer: +1. Virtualization software +2. Resource Pools +3. Virtual resources += Process and Operations +The key steps involved in making resources available to comsumers are: +1. Deploying virtualization software. + - Compute systems. + - Network devices. + - Storage devices. +2. Creating resource pools. + - Processing power and memory + - Network bandwidth + - Storage +3. Creating virtual resources. + - Virtual machines + - Virtual Networks + - LUNs +== Virtualization Software +The virtualization software performs the abstraction of the physical resources that ard deployed on computer systems, network devices, and storage devices.\ +The key functions of virtualization software is: +1. Create resource pools +2. Create virtual resources. +== Resource Pools +A resource pool is an aggregation of computing resources such as processing power, memory, storage, and network bandwidth which provices an aggregated view of these resources to the control layer. +== Virtual resources +Virtualization software in collaboration with control layer creates virtual resources. Created by allocating physical resources from the resource pool. Share the pooled physical resources. += Hypervisor +_*Hypervisor is a piece of software that is installed on a compute system and enables multiple OSs to run concurrently on a physical compute system.*_\ +- The hypervisor along with the hypervisor management software (HMS) is the fundamental component for deploying software defined compute environments.\ +- Abstracts the physical compute hardware to create multiple *virtual machines*.\ +- The hypervisor provides standardized hardware resources, such as processor, memory, network, and disk to all virtual machines.\ +Hypervisor has two main components: +1. Kernel + - Acts as kernel of any normal OS. + - Performs process creation, file system management, and process scheduling. + - Optimized for running multiple VMs concurrently. +2. Virtual Machine Manager (VMM) + - Anstracts hardware and appears as a physical compute system with all components required for running OSs and applications. + - Each VM is assigned a VMM that gets a share of the physical resources. + +#pagebreak() + +== Types of hypervisors +Categorized into two types: +#table( + columns: 2, + table.header[Bare Metal Hypervisor][Hosted Hypervisor], + [Installed directly on hardware.], [Installed as an application on host system.], + [Direct access to hardware resources.], [No direct access. All access through host OS.], + [More efficient.], [Less efficient.], + [Limited device drivers.], [Compatible with all devices supported by host OS.], + [Designed for data centers and cloud infrastructure.], [Used for development, testing and training.], +) + |